ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the changes in body composition of burn patients through electrical bioimpedance in the phases of response to trauma. Methods: a longitudinal observational study, carried out from October 2019 to March 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, epidemiological, anthropometric and body composition data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS, considering a significance of 5%. The comparison between variables was performed using the paired Student’s t test. Results: the sample consisted of 58 adult burn patients, with a mean age of 38.2±12.5 years. The mean body surface area (BSA) with burns was 10.8±7.3%. Nutritional assessment demonstrated a depletion of body weight, Body Mass Index, fat-free mass and muscle mass in the phases of response to trauma (p<0.005). Conclusion: metabolic alterations in the different phases of the metabolic response to trauma led to a depletion of the nutritional status of burn patients of both sexes during hospitalization.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar alteraciones en la composición corporal de pacientes quemados mediante bioimpedancia eléctrica en las fases de respuesta al trauma. Métodos: estudio observacional longitudinal, realizado de octubre de 2019 a marzo de 2020. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, epidemiológicos, antropométricos y de composición corporal. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante SPSS, considerando una significancia del 5%. La comparación entre variables se realizó mediante la prueba de la t de Student pareada. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 58 pacientes adultos quemados, con una edad media de 38,2±12,5 años. El área de superficie corporal media (ASC) con quemaduras fue de 10,8±7,3%. La evaluación nutricional mostró disminución del peso corporal, índice de masa corporal, masa magra y masa muscular en las fases de respuesta al trauma (p<0,005). Conclusión: los cambios metabólicos en las diferentes fases de la respuesta metabólica al trauma llevaron a la disminución del estado nutricional de los pacientes quemados de ambos sexos durante la hospitalización.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as alterações na composição corporal de pacientes queimados por meio da bioimpedância elétrica nas fases de resposta ao trauma. Métodos: estudo observacional longitudinal, realizado de outubro de 2019 a março de 2020. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, epidemiológicos, antropométricos e de composição corporal. A análise estatística foi realizada com o SPSS, considerando significância de 5%. Comparação entre as variáveis foi realizada por meio do teste t de Student pareado. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 58 pacientes adultos queimados, com média de 38,2±12,5 anos. A média da área de superfície corporal (ASC) com queimaduras foi de 10,8±7,3%. A avaliação nutricional demonstrou depleção do peso corporal, índice de massa corporal, massa magra e massa muscular nas fases de resposta ao trauma (p<0,005). Conclusão: alterações metabólicas nas diferentes fases da resposta metabólica ao trauma levaram a depleção do estado nutricional de pacientes queimados de ambos os sexos durante a internação.

Abstract The incorporation of antioxidants into sunscreens may provide additional skin photoprotection against the harmful photobiological effects of ultraviolet radiation. The present study evaluated the applicability of a screening approach to the assessment of the antioxidant and photoprotective properties of vitamin C, vitamin E, and coenzyme Q10 and then determined the performance of the most effective antioxidant in a sunscreen formulation. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2`-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, and the photoprotective potential was investigated by the yeast photoprotection assay. The antioxidant with the best effect was incorporated into sunscreen formulations which were evaluated for 120 days regarding their in vitro photoprotective parameters. Vitamin C showed high antioxidant capacity as well as a photoprotective potential against simulated solar irradiation applied for times longer than 1 h. Although the Sun Protection Factor, UVA/UVB ratio and critical wavelength did not differed significantly (p<0.05) between the formulation blank and the formulations containing 0.5% or 1% vitamin C, formulations with vitamin C kept their photostability for 6 months. Consequently, the proposed screening approach seems to be promising for the development of an antisolar photostable formulation containing vitamin C as an antioxidant.

Abstract Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that leads to muscle weakness and paralysis. Fatigue is a disabling symptom, frequently reported in ALS, but remains under-investigated in this population. Thus, an accurate investigation of this symptom and possible associated factors in this clinical condition is needed to assist in the establishment of an adequate treatment approach. Objective To investigate the presence of fatigue in individuals with ALS and possible factors correlated with this symptom. Methods Sixty-five individuals with sporadic ALS participated in the present study. Demographic, clinical, and functional aspects were investigated. Evaluations involved the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), ALS Functional Scale (ALSRFS-R), and Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaire (ALSAQ-40). Descriptive and correlation analyses were performed with SPSS statistical program for Windows version 19.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results Among the 65 individuals evaluated, 44.6% (n = 29) presented fatigue based on the FSS. The mean fatigue intensity was 5.4 ± 1.2 and only 10.4% used a specific medication for fatigue. Differences between the groups with and without fatigue were found regarding sex (p = 0.049), pain intensity (p = 0.026), functioning (p = 0.004), disease severity (p = 0.029), and QoL (p = 0.000). Fatigue was correlated with pain intensity (r = 0.425; p = 0.001), muscle strength (r = - 0.356; p = 0.004), functioning (r = - 0.363; p = 0.003), and QoL (r = 0.481; p = 0.000). No correlations were found with age, time since diagnosis, cramps, or other mobility parameters. Conclusions Fatigue is a common symptom among individuals with ALS and may be present in all stages of the disease. This symptom was correlated with worse functioning, poorer QoL, greater pain intensity, disease severity, muscle weakness, and the female sex in individuals with ALS.

Resumo Antecedentes Esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA) é uma doença neurodegenerativa fatal que leva à fraqueza muscular e paralisia. Fadiga é um sintoma incapacitante, frequentemente relatado na ELA, mas permanece pouco investigado nessa população. Assim, uma investigação acurada deste sintoma e dos possíveis fatores associados é necessária para auxiliar em uma abordagem terapêutica adequada. Objetivo Investigar a presença de fadiga em indivíduos com ELA e possíveis fatores correlacionados a este sintoma. Métodos Participaram 65 indivíduos com ELA esporádica. Aspectos demográficos, clínicos e funcionais foram investigados. Foram utilizadas: Escala de Severidade de Fadiga (FSS, na sigla em inglês), Escala Funcional de ELA (ALSRFS-R, na sigla em inglês) e questionário de Qualidade de Vida (QV) (ALSAQ-40, na sigla em inglês). Análises descritivas e de correlação foram realizadas no programa SPSS para Windows versão 19.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Resultados Dos 65 indivíduos avaliados, 44,6% (n = 29) apresentaram fadiga pela FSS. A intensidade da fadiga foi 5,4 ± 1,2 e apenas 10,4% usavam medicamento específico para fadiga. Diferenças entre os grupos com e sem fadiga foram encontradas em relação ao sexo (p = 0,049), intensidade da dor (p = 0,026), funcionalidade (p = 0,004), gravidade da doença (p = 0,029) e QV (p = 0,000). A fadiga foi correlacionada com a intensidade da dor (r = 0,425; p = 0,001), força muscular (r = - 0,356; p = 0,004), funcionalidade (r = - 0,363; p = 0,003) e QV (r = 0,481; p = 0,000). Não foram encontradas correlações com idade, tempo de diagnóstico, cãibras ou outros parâmetros de mobilidade. Conclusões A fadiga é um sintoma comum entre os indivíduos com ELA e pode estar presente em todos os estágios da doença. Este sintoma estava correlacionado à pior funcionalidade, pior QV, gravidade, intensidade da dor, fraqueza muscular e sexo feminino em indivíduos com ELA.

ABSTRACT The assessment of the nutritional status of hospitalized patients is fundamental to the establishment of the diagnosis. For bedridden patients, however, it is not possible to determine simple measures, such as weight and height, which are the most widely used variables for nutritional assessments. Objective: Compare real and estimated anthropometric measures in hospitalized patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adult (>18 years of age) and senior patients (>60 years of age) admitted for clinical or surgical treatment in the general surgery infirmary of Governador Paulo Guerra Restauração Hospital. Data (sex, age, clinical diagnosis, real weight, real height, body mass index, knee height and arm circumference) were collected using nutritional follow-up charts and tabulated using Excel 2016. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS® version 21.0. Results: One hundred and twenty patients participated in the study (median age: 55 years). Most were adults (73.3%) and women (53.3%). The mean differences in weight between the estimated and real measures were statistically significant (p=0.000), with an overestimation of this variable. Regarding height, the estimated values differed significantly from the real values in both men and women (p<0.000) and the difference was larger among the seniors (mean: -0.072). No significant difference was found between the real and estimated body mass index (p= 0.44). Conclusion: In the comparison of methods for estimating weight and height to real measures, a tendency was found to overestimate these body measures.

RESUMEN La evaluación del estado nutricional de los pacientes hospitalizados es esencial para establecer su diagnóstico. Sin embargo, para los pacientes postrados en cama, no se pueden realizar medidas sencillas como el peso y la altura, que son las más utilizadas para el diagnóstico nutricional. Objetivo: Comparar mediciones antropométricas reales y estimadas en pacientes hospitalizados. Metodología: Estudio transversal, que incluye pacientes adultos (>18 años) y personas mayores de 60 años, ingresados para tratamiento clínico o quirúrgico en la sala de cirugía general del Hospital da Restauração Governador Paulo Guerra. Los datos (sexo, edad, diagnóstico clínico, peso real, altura real, índice de masa corporal, altura de la rodilla y circunferencia del brazo) se recopilaron mediante los formularios de monitoreo nutricional y se tabularon en el software Excel 2016. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron con SPSS®, versión 21.0. Resultados: 120 pacientes con mediana de 55 años, en su mayoría adultos (73,3%) y mujeres (53,3%). Las diferencias promedio entre las mediciones estimadas y reales fueron estadísticamente significativas, con sobreestimación del peso (p<0,0001). Con respecto a la altura, fue posible identificar que las medidas estimadas diferían significativamente (p<0,0001) de las reales para hombres y mujeres, y que esta variación era aún mayor entre los ancianos (media: -0,072). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el índice de masa corporal real y el estimado (p= 0,44). Conclusión: Al comparar las metodologías para estimar el peso y la altura con las mediciones reales, fue posible observar una tendencia de los métodos a sobreestimar estas mediciones corporales.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of florfenicol treatment at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg administered IM, in the treatment of canine pyoderma due to Staphylococcus intermedius, using pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling (PK/ PD). A Monte Carlo simulation of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters was performed, followed by a PK/PD modelling to determine the efficacy rates in the treatment of bacterial infection, according to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of S. intermedius, using the range between 0.25 and 2 µg/ml. The probabilities of obtaining the bacteriological eradication index with the 10 mg/kg dose were 97, 77, 7 and 1%, and with the 20 mg/kg dose it was 95, 87, 61 and 7%, according to bacterial MICs of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 µg/ml, respectively. The probability of obtaining a bacteriological cure after treatment with the 10 mg/kg dose decreased significantly for infections caused by microorganisms with MICs higher than 0.5 µg/ml (p<0.01), while for the 20 mg/kg dose kg was with MIC greater than 1 µg/ml (p<0.01). The results show the need to incorporate bacteriological isolation, the determination of MIC and the optimization of therapeutic doses based on bacterial susceptibility in the therapeutic protocol in order to avoid therapeutic failures and, consequently, the increase in the development of microbial resistance.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del tratamiento con florfenicol en las dosis de 10 y 20 mg/kg administrados por vía IM, en el tratamiento de la pioderma canina por Staphylococcus intermedius, utilizando el modelamiento farmacocinético/ farmacodinámico (PK/PD). Se hizo una simulación de Monte Carlo de los parámetros farmacocinéticos y farmacodinámicos y luego se realizó el análisis PK/PD para determinar las tasas de eficacia en el tratamiento de la infección bacteriana, según la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) del S.intermedius, utilizando el intervalo entre 0.25 y 2 µg/ml. Las probabilidades de obtener el índice de erradicación bacteriológica con la dosis de 10 mg/kg fue de 97, 77, 7 y 1%, y con la dosis de 20 mg/kg fue de 95, 87, 61 y 7%, según las CIMs bacterianas de 0.25, 0.5, 1 y 2 µg/ml, respectivamente. La probabilidad de obtener la cura bacteriológica después del tratamiento con la dosis de 10 mg/kg disminuyó de forma significativa para infecciones causadas por microrganismos con CIM superior a 0.5 µg/ml (p<0.01), mientras que para la dosis de 20 mg/kg fue con CIM mayor de 1 µg/ml (p<0.01). El resultado evidencia la necesidad de incorporar en el protocolo terapéutico el aislamiento bacteriológico, la determinación de la CIM y la optimización de dosis terapéuticas basadas en la susceptibilidad bacteriana a fin de evitar fallas en terapéuticas y, consecuentemente, el incremento del desarrollo de resistencia microbiana.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o poder de discriminação diagnóstica da ferramenta Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. Métodos: Estudo transversal com cem participantes com idade ≥60 anos. Foram aplicados o Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 original, o Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 adaptado e o Mini Nutritional Assessment. A adaptação do Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 consistiu em diminuir o critério de idade, incluindo pontuação adicional para 60 anos de idade ou mais. Resultados: Maior risco nutricional ocorreu nos ≥70 anos quando aplicado o Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 original (p=0,009), enquanto o Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 adaptado apresentou risco nutricional semelhante em ambos os grupos (60-69 anos e ≥70 anos; p=0,117). A frequência de risco nutricional foi maior no Mini Nutritional Assessment (52,7%), seguido do Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 adaptado (35,5%) e do Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 original (29,1%). Conclusão: A adaptação do Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 mostrou-se descritivamente mais eficaz do que a original, porém mais estudos devem ser realizados para confirmar os achados.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the discriminative power of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. Methods: A cross sectional study involving one hundred participants aged ≥60 years. The original and adapted versions of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and the Mini Nutritional Assessment were used. Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 adaptation consisted of a lower age cutoff (60 years or older) for addition of one extra point to the final score. Results: Screening using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 revealed higher nutritional risk among patients aged ≥70 years (p=0.009), whereas screening using the adapted version of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 revealed similar nutritional risk in both age groups (60-69 years and ≥70 years; p=0.117). Frequency of nutritional risk was highest when the Mini Nutritional Assessment was administered (52.7%), followed by the adapted and original versions of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (35.5% and 29.1%, respectively). Conclusion: The adapted version of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 was more effective than the original version. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Abstract This study aimed to carry out a diagnosis of the cheese whey exploitation by the Brazilian dairy industry using a questionnaire survey. The dairy industries (n=100) were mainly from Southeast (55%) and South (25%) regions and supervised by the Federal Inspection System (80%). Most of them produced (67%) and processed (60%) sweet cheese whey, using it in whey dairy beverages (60%), Ricotta (20%), whey concentrate (15%), and milk blends (5%), which were resold for supermarkets (53%) or industries (20%). However, 27% of the industries discard whey in the effluent treatment system or use as animal feed, suggesting a market for using this by-product.

RESUMO Este trabalho descreve a composição química e a atividade anti-Candida spp. de óleos essenciais de folhas de diversos cultivares de Mangifera indica. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por meio de hidrodestilação e analisados por cromatografia de gás acoplada à espectrometria de massa. A atividade anti-Candida spp. foi avaliada contra cepas isoladas de cães pelo método de difusão em ágar e a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) pelo método de microdiluição em caldo. O cultivar Tommy Atkins apresentou β-selineno (29.49%), óxido de cariofileno (12.40%) e humuleno II epoxido (8.66%) como seus constituintes principais, enquanto que os principais componentes das variedades Rosa, Moscatel e Jasmim foram óxido de cariofileno (23,62, 48,42 e 30,77%, respectivamente) e humuleno II epoxido (11,56, 23,45 e 16,27%, respectivamente). As médias de zona de inibição foram 11 ± 0,71, 13,5 ± 3,54, 10,5 ± 0,71 e 13,5 ± 0,71mm respectivamente para os cultivares Tommy Atkins, Rosa, Moscatel e Jasmim. Para a variedade Tommy Atkins, a CIM variou de 0,62 a 1,25 mg/mL; para Rosa, 0.31 a 1.25 mg/mL; para Jasmim os valores variaram de 0,31 a 0,62 mg/mL; ao passo que para a variedade Moscatel o valor de CIM foi 1,25 mg/mL para todas as cepas de Candida spp. Os óleos essenciais das quatro variedades de M. indica foram ativos in vitro contra Candida spp., demonstrando boa atividade antifúngica, podendo ser uma fonte útil de compostos antifúngicos para uso na medicina veterinária.

SUMMARY This work reports the chemical study, and anti-Candida spp. activity of leaf essential oil from Mangifera indica cultivars. The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. The anti-Candida spp. activity was evaluated against strains isolated from dogs by the agar-well diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth microdilution method. Tommy Atkins cultivar presented β–selinene (29.49%), caryophyllene oxide (12.40%) and humulene II epoxide (8.66%) as main constituents, while the main constituents of Rosa, Moscatel and Jasmim varieties were caryophyllene oxide (23.62, 48.42 and 30.77%, respectively) and humulene epoxide II (11.56, 23.45, and16.27%, respectively). The means of inhibition zones were 11 ± 0.71, 13.5 ± 3.54, 10.5 ± 0.71 and 13.5 ± 0.71mm to Tommy Atkins, Rosa, Moscatel and Jasmim varieties, respectively. For Tommy Atkins, the MIC ranged from 0.62 to 1.25 mg/mL; for Rosa, ranged from 0.31 to 1.25 mg/mL; for Jasmim ranged from 0.31 to 0.62 mg/mL; while for the Moscatel variety the MIC value was 1.25 mg/mL for all Candida strains. Essential oils of four M. indica cultivars were active in vitro against Candida spp., demonstrating good antifungal activity and can be a useful source of antifungal compounds for veterinary medicine.

The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical- nutritional evolution of older women submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. A concurrent, retrospective study was conducted involving a sample of 16 older women with morbid obesity submitted to Rouxen- Y gastric bypass surgery between 1997 and 2010. Weight, body mass index (BMI), percentage of weight loss (%WL) and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) were evaluated three, six and 12 months after surgery. Preoperative comorbidities, postoperative clinical-nutritional manifestations and peri-operative mortality were also investigated. Mean age was 62.02 ± 2.02 years. A progressive reduction was found in mean body weight (116.04 ± 22.99 to 80.96 ± 21.43 Kg) and BMI (47.13 ± 8.19 to 33.42 ± 9.31 Kg/m²), with a consequent %WL of 28.60 ± 8.59% and %EWL of 64.79 ± 3.99% throughout the one-year follow-up period (p < 0.05). All patients has diseases associated with obesity, the most frequent of which were arterial hypertension (n = 16), arthropathy (n = 11), dyslipidemia (n = 9) and diabetes (n = 7). The following clinical-nutritional symptoms were reported: alopecia (n = 9), nausea/vomiting (n = 7), constipation (n = 5) and food intolerance (n = 4). One patient was diagnosed with malnutrition one year after surgery. No deaths occurred within 30 days after surgery. At the one-year evaluation, surgical success was evidenced by the significant reductions in mean weight and BMI and the more than 50% loss of excess weight.

El objetivo de este estudio fue la descripción de la evolución clinico-nutricional de mujeres mayores sometidas a cirugía de bypass gástrico en Y de Roux. Se desarrolló un estudio concurrente, retrospectivo, que incluyó una muestra de 16 mujeres mayores con obesidad mórbida sometidas a bypass gástrico en Y de Roux entre 1997 y 2010. Se evaluó el peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), porcentaje de pérdida de peso (%WL) y porcentaje de pérdida de peso excesivo (%EWL) tres, seis y doce meses después de la cirugía. También se investigó las comorbilidades preoperatorias, manifestaciones clínico-nutricionales postoperatorias y mortalidad perioperatoria. La edad media fue 62,02 ± 2,02 años. Se detectó una reducción progresiva en el peso medio corporal (116,04 ± 22,99 a 80,96 ± 21,43 Kg) e IMC (47,13 ± 8,19 a 33,42 ± 9,31 Kg/ m²), con un consequente porcentaje de pérdida de peso (%WL) de 28,60 ± 8,59% y %EWL de 64,79 ± 3,99% a lo largo del periodo de seguimiento de un año (p < 0,05). Todas las pacientes tenían enfermedades relacionadas con obesidad, siendo la más frecuente hipertensión arterial (n = 16), artropatía (n = 11), dislipidemia (n = 9) y diabetes (n = 7). Se comunicaron los siguientes síntomas clínico-nutricionales: alopecia (n = 9), nausea/vómitos (n = 7), estreñimiento (n = 5) e intolerancia a la comida (n = 4). Una paciente fue diagnosticada de malnutrición un año después de la cirugía. No se registraron muertes tras 30 días de la cirugía. En la evaluación a un año, el éxito quirúrgico quedó constatado por las reducciones significativas en peso medio e IMC, además de más de un 50% de pérdida de peso excesivo.

Introduction and Objectives: Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) is employed to identify nutritional risk in the hospital setting and determine which patients would benefit from nutritional support. The aim of the present study was to identify nutritional risk in patients admitted to the surgery ward and determine possible associations with hospital stay and postoperative complications. Methods: Three hundred fifteen surgery patients were evaluated in the first 24 hours since admission. Evaluations involved the calculation of the body mass index, the determination of weight loss ≥ 5% in the previous six months and the assessment of nutritional risk using the NRS 2002. Hospital stay (in days) and postoperative complications were also recorded. Results: A total of 31.1% of the patients were classified as being "at risk", among whom 98.3% had food intake 50% lower than habitual intake, 65.9% had weight loss ≥ 5% in the previous six months, 64.7% had a diagnosis of neoplasm, 59.9% were aged ≥ 60 years and 59.9% were candidates for non-elective surgery. Postoperative complications were recorded in 4.4% of the overall sample and were more frequent in patients at nutritional risk (p < 0.000). Hospital stay was also longer among the patients at nutritional risk (p < 0.01). Conclusion: A high percentage of surgery patients were at nutritional risk in the present study and associations were found with age ≥ 60 years, a diagnosis of neoplasm, non-elective surgery of the gastrointestinal tract, a reduction in habitual food intake and weight loss. Patients at nutritional risk had a greater frequency of postoperative complications and a longer hospital stay.

Introducción y objetivos: El test de valoración nutricional (NRS 2002) tiene como objetivo detectar la presencia de riesgo nutricional en los hospitales y identificar los pacientes que se beneficiarán de el apoyo nutricional. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar lo riesgo nutricional y relacionarlo con el tiempo de hospitalización y complicaciones en los pacientes hospitalizados en la Clínica de Cirugía General. Métodos: 315 pacientes quirúrgicos fueron evaluados en las primeras 24 horas de ingreso en el hospital, de acuerdo con el índice de masa corporal, la pérdida de peso ≥ 5% en los últimos seis meses y el riesgo nutricional por el NRS 2002. Duración de la estancia hospitalaria, en días, y las complicaciones postoperatorias también se recogieron. Resultados: el 31,1% de los pacientes que se encuentran en situación de riesgo. De éstos, el 98,3% tenían la ingesta de alimentos <50% de lo normal, 65,9% de pérdida de peso ≥ 5% en los últimos 6 meses, el diagnóstico de cáncer en 64,7%, 59,9% con edad ≥ 60 años, y 59,9% candidatos a cirugías no electivas. Las complicaciones fueron documentados en el 4,4% de los pacientes y fueron significativamente más frecuentes en los pacientes con riesgo nutricional (p <0,000). En cuanto a la duración de la hospitalización fue encontrado que los pacientes en riesgo de desnutrición tuvieron estancia hospitalaria más prolongada (p <0,01). Conclusión: En este estudio, un alto porcentaje de pacientes quirúrgicos estaban en riesgo de desnutrición. El riesgo nutricional se asoció con edad ≥ 60 años, el diagnóstico de cáncer, la cirugía no electiva del tracto gastrointestinal, disminución de la ingesta habitual y la pérdida de peso. Los pacientes con riesgo tenían una mayor prevalencia de complicaciones postoperatorias y la duración de la estancia hospitalaria más larga.

A eficiência dos testes de vigor na avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes depende do desenvolvimento e/ou do ajuste de metodologias para as diferentes espécies. Nesse contexto, o objetivo da pesquisa foi adequar procedimentos para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de espinafre. Para tanto, sementes de cinco lotes, da cultivar Nova Zelândia, foram submetidas aos testes de germinação, primeira contagem da germinação, emergência de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado (com e sem o uso de solução saturada de NaCl a 41 e 45 ºC por 24, 48 e 72 h), deterioração controlada (18, 21 e 24% de teor de água por 24 h a 45 ºC) e condutividade elétrica (25 e 50 sementes, 25, 50 e 75 mL de água de embebição por 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 e 24 h, a 25 ºC). Pode-se concluir que os testes de envelhecimento acelerado tradicional 24 h / 41º C, envelhecimento acelerado com solução salina por 24 h a 41 e 45 °C e deterioração controlada a 21% / 24 h a 45 °C foram eficientes para avaliar o potencial fisiológico e para classificar os lotes de sementes de espinafre em níveis de vigor.

The efficiency of vigor tests in assessing the physiological potential of seeds depends on their standardization for different species. In this context, the research aimed to study specific methodologies to evaluate the vigor of spinach seeds (Tetragonia tetragonoides). For this purpose, five lots of spinach seed cv. New Zealand were submitted to germination, first count of germination, seedling emergence in the field, accelerated aging (with and without use of saturated solution of NaCl at 41and 45 ºC for 24,48 and 72 hours), controlled deterioration (18,21 and 24% seed water content adjustments for 24 hours at 45 ºC) and electrical conductivity tests with variations inwater volume (25, 50 and 75 mL), seed quantity (25 and 50) and soaking period (1, 2, 4, 8,12, 16 and 24 hours) at 25 ºC. The first count test allowed obtaining preliminary information about seed vigor, and other tests in general showed similarity with seedling emergence in the field. Thus, it was concluded that traditional accelerated aging test 24 h /41 ºC and accelerated aging test with saturated salt solution for 24 h at 41 ºC and 45 ºC, and controlled deterioration test with 21% seed water content / 24 h / 45 ºC were all efficient for evaluating the physiological potential of spinach seeds.

O artigo apresenta resultados da pesquisa sobre o posicionamento de sintagmas preposicionais (Spreps) com valor adverbial temporal em textos jornalísticos, com base na teoria funcionalista norte-americana. Verificamos a relação entre a continuidade tópica do referente-sujeito e a posição dos sintagmas preposicionais, assim como as funções discursivas desses sintagmas.

The article presents some results of the research on the positioning of prepositional phrases (PrepP) with temporal value in journalistic txts, based on the North American functionalist theory. We observed the relation between the topic continuity of the subject referent and the position of the prepositional phrases, as well as the discourse functions of these phrases.

Cresce, no Brasil, a busca por novas técnicas para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos, visando à eficiência construtiva e funcional, além da conseqüente economia advinda dessas inovações. Esse panorama conduz ao inevitável surgimento de novos grupos de pesquisa em nosso país. Desta maneira, apresenta-se, nesse trabalho, a experiência do projeto de pesquisa denominado DesIgN OX, do Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo do Centro Universitário do Leste de Minas Gerais - UnilesteMG. Os principais objetivos e desafios para a equipe que desenvolveu essa pesquisa eram: disseminar a prática do design junto às indústrias de produtos em aço inox da região do Vale do Aço, ressaltando seu potencial e limitações, criar um novo campo de atuação para os alunos do curso e viabilizar o crescimento das empresas parceiras locais. Apresentar a metodologia usada, os resultados conseguidos e avaliar as dificuldades enfrentadas também são objetivos desse artigo.

In Brazil, the search for new techniques for developing new products aimed at constructive and functional efficiency has been growing together with the consequential economical impact that occurs from these innovations. This panorama leads to the inevitable sprouting of new groups of research and this paper presents the experience of the research project called DesIgN OX, from the Architecture and Urbanism Course at the Centro Universitário do Leste de Minas Gerais - Unileste MG. The main objectives and challenges for the team that developed this research were: to introduce the idea of design to the local stainless industries of the region, emphasizing its potential and limitations; create new work possibilities for students; and optimize the possible growth of local university-industry joint ventures. Presentation of the methodology used, the results obtained and analysis of the difficulties faced are also the focus of this article.